- Labridae G. Cuvier 1816
- Laelapidae Berlese 1892
- Laganidae Desor 1858
- Lamiaceae Martynov 1820
- Lampeidae Krumbach 1925
- Lampropidae Sars 1878
- Lampyridae Latreille 1817
- Laniidae Rafinesque 1815
- Laodiceidae Agassiz 1862
- Laophontidae T. Scott 1904
- Laqueidae Thomson 1927
- Lasaeidae Gray 1842
- Laternulidae Hedley 1918 (1840)
- Latidae D.S. Jordan 1888
- Latreilliidae Stimpson 1858
- Lauraceae de Jussieu 1789
- Lecanidae Remane 1933
- Leiodidae Fleming 1821
- Leiognathidae T.N. Gill 1893
- Leiothrichidae Swainson 1831
- Lentibulariaceae Richard 1808
- Lepisosteidae Cuvier 1825
- Leporidae Fischer de Waldheim 1817
- Leptoceridae Leach in Brewster 1815
- Leptocheliidae Lang 1973
- Leptochitonidae Dall 1889
- Lernaeidae Cobbold 1879
- Lernanthropidae Kabata 1979
- Lessoniaceae Setchell & Gardner 1925
- Lestidae Calvert 1901
- Lethrinidae Bonaparte 1831
- Leucettidae de Laubenfels 1936
- Leuconidae Sars 1878
- Leucosiidae Samouelle 1891
- Leucotheidae Krumbach 1925
- Libellulidae Rambur 1842
- Lichomolgidae Kossmann 1877
- Liliaceae de Jussieu 1789
- Limnephilidae Kolenati 1848
- Limulidae Leach 1819
- Lineidae McIntosh 1873-1874
- Lingulidae Menke 1828
- Linognathidae Webb 1946
- Linuchidae Haeckel 1879
- Liopteridae Ashmead 1895
- Liparidae T.N. Gill 1861
- Lithodidae Samouelle 1819
- Lithotryidae Gruvel 1905
- Litiopidae Gray 1847
- Littorinidae Children 1834
- Lituolidae de Blainville 1827
- Lobatolampeidae Horita 2000
- Lobophylliidae Dai & Horng 2009
- Lomentariaceae J. Agardh 1876
- Lophiidae Rafinesque 1810
- Lophogastridae G.O. Sars 1870
- Lophotidae Bonaparte 1845
- Loricariidae Rafinesque 1815
- Loricidae Iredale & Hull 1923
- Lottiidae Gray 1840
- Lovenellidae Russell 1953
- Lucanidae Macleay 1819
- Lucinidae J. Fleming 1828
- Luidiidae Sladen 1889
- Lumbricidae Rafinesque & Schmaltz 1815
- Lumbrineridae Schmarda 1861
- Lutjanidae T.N. Gill 1861
- Lycosidae Sundevall 1833
- Lymnaeidae Rafinesque 1815
- Lyroctenidae Komai 1942
- Lythraceae J. St.-Hilaire 1805